Bookcrossing.com 是一个面向环球的图书分享网站。该网站组织的分享活动有两种参与办法:一是自由分享(wild release),即把书放在指定地点,由其他参与者自由获取;二是定向分享(controlled release),即直接通报给另一位参与者。
假设你是李华,请用英文写信申请参加。内容应包括:
● 表明写信目的
● 选择一种分享办法
● 简述做出该选择的情由
● 希望理解更多信息
Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm a senior high school student from China.Learning that you are organizing this activity to share books worldwide, I am writing to apply for it for the simple reason that I love reading and I own a large number of books.
You've introduced two ways to share books: wild release and controlled release. Of the two, the latter wins my favour. By the means of controlled release, I only need to deliver books to other participants. Not only are books shared but it can build up a bridge connecting readers from different parts of the world as well.
If you could provide more specific information, I would be well grateful. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
1.文章文体:运用文——书信。
2.行文逻辑:写信目的→选择办法→阐述情由→表达欲望。
3.词汇短语:利用了较高等的词汇和短语。如:apply for(申请),by the means of(通过……),build up(建起)等。
4.句式句法:利用了多样化的句式构造。如:①现在分词短语作状语:Learning that you are organizing this activity to share books worldwide;②同位语从句:that I love reading and I own a large number of books;③并列句:Not only are books shared but it can build up a bridge connecting readers from different parts of the world as well;④状语从句:If you could provide more specific information等。
Ⅰ.单词荟萃
1.roof n.房顶
2.concept n.不雅观念;观点
3.sniff vi. & vt. 闻;嗅;用鼻子吸
4.otherwise conj. 否则;不然 adv.用别的方法;其他方面
5.privilege n.特权;特殊优待
6.purchase vt.& n.买;购买
7.sew vi. (用针线)缝 vt. 缝制;缝合→sewed(过去式);sewn/sewed(过去分词);sewing(现在分词)
8.arrangement n.安排;排列→arrange vi.& vt.安排;排列;协商
9.muddy adj. 泥泞的;模糊的;混乱的→mud n.泥;淤泥;泥浆
10.weekly adj.& adv.每周(的)→week n.周;星期
11.adjust vi.& vt.调度;(使)适宜→adjustable adj.可调节的→adjustment n.调节;调度
12.participate vi.参与;参加→participation n.参加;参与→participant n.参与者
13.donate vt.捐赠→donation n.捐赠;捐赠物;赠品→donator n.捐赠者
14.voluntary adj.志愿的;志愿的;无偿的→volunteer n. 志愿者;志愿兵 vt. & vi. 志愿
15.economic adj.经济的;经济学的→economy n.经济
16.political adj.政治的;政党的→politics n.政治
17.financial adj.财务的;金融的;财政的→finance n.财政;财政学;金融→financially adv.财政上;金融上
18.distribute vt.分配;分发→distribution n.分配;分布;分布状态→distributor n. 发行人;经销商;分销商
19.security n.安全;保护;保障→secure vt.使安全
20.operate vi.事情;运转 vt.操作→operation n.手术;运转→operator n.操作职员
Ⅱ.短语检测
1.hear from 接到……的信
2.be relevant to… 与……有关联的
3.dry out (使浸水等之物)完备变干;干透
4.come across 有时碰着
5.(be)dying to 极想;渴望
6.the other day 不久前的一天
7.bring hope to… 为……带来希望
8.in need 在困难中;在危急中
9.as well as 和;也
10.cover the cost of 席卷/支付……的用度
11.distribute…to… 把……分配给……
12.(be)dying to do sth. 极想做某事
Ⅲ.佳句再现
1. "名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom…"勾引的定语从句
Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students,_______________(他们中的大多数人) will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.
2.doubt whether…意为"疑惑是否……"
To be honest, I_______________ (疑惑是否) I'm making any difference to these boys' lives at all.
3.do/does/did+动词原形,对句子的谓语进行强调
But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and _______________(我确实拜访了) a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe.
4."介词+where"勾引的定语从句
We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge_______________(从那里) we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.
5.固定句式:what if…如果……将会若何;纵然……又怎么样
She was dying to see him again but _______________(如果他不想见她怎么办)?
答案：1.most of whom 2.doubt whether 3.I did visit 4.from where 5.what if he didn't want to see her
【巧学助记】
构词法影象 •形容词后缀-able用于动词后,表示"有……能力的"
①admire vt.&vi.钦佩;赞颂→admirable adj.值得赞赏的;令人钦佩的
②accept vt.接管; 承认→acceptable adj.可接管的; 合意的
③reason vt.推理,思考→reasonable adj. 合理的
④adjust vt.适应,调度,校正→adjustable adj.可调度的,可调节的
⑤respect v. 尊敬→respectable adj.可敬的; 体面的
规律影象
•用好每一"天"
①the other day相称于a few days ago,意为"几天前、某天、那天、不久前",句中用一样平常过去时。
②one day可以表示"(过去)某一天",谓语动词常用过去式;也可表示"(将来)某一天",这时可与some day相互代替,谓语常用一样平常将来时。
③some day指将来"总有一天、有朝一日、终将、(日后)某一天",谓语动词用一样平常将来时。
④another day 可表示近期将来的某一天,意为"改天",也可表示过去将来某一动作或状态延续的"又一天"。
单词点睛
●1 relevant adj.(directly connected with and important to what is being discussed) 有关的;切题的
(1)be relevant to…=have sth. to do with 与……有关
be irrelevant to… 与……不干系
(2)relevantly adv. 有关联地;有关系地
[温馨提示] 多样表达"与……有关":be related to;be connected with;be involved in;be associated with;be linked to/with。
【活学活用】
(1)I don't think what he said is relevant to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point. 我认为他的发言和我们正在谈论的话题无关,他没有捉住办法。
(2)The government set up a working group to collect information_______________ the accident.
政府成立了一个事情小组来网络与这场事件有关的信息。
(3)语法填空。
①The new machine's_______________(relevant) detailed functions have to be further studied.
②The facts he supplied were not relevant_______________the case in question.
③The doctor is associated in the child's mind _______________injections and pains.
④Scientists have long wondered which parts of the brain are involved______________musical tasks.
答案：(2)(that/which was)relevant to (3)①relevantly ②to ③with ④in
●2 adjust vt.& vi.(to change so as to make sth. right or suitable)调度;(使)适宜
(1)adjust…to… 调度……以适应……
adjust oneself to… 使自己适应于……
adjust to doing… 适应做……
(2)adjustment n. 调度;调节;适应
make an adjustment/adjustments to…对……做出调度
【活学活用】
(1)Life at any time can become difficult or easy. It all depends upon how one adjusts himself to life.在任何时候,生活是困难还是大略,完备取决于你如何调度自己以适应生活。
(2)Moving out of the well-lit office, my eyes haven't adjusted to the dark.刚从灯火通明的办公室出来,我的眼睛还不适应阴郁。
(3)It will take me quite a while_______________my new working environment.要经由相称长的一段韶光我才能适应我的新的事情环境。
(4)语法填空。
①He can't adjust _______________(he) to the pace of modern life in this big city.
②These desks and seats can _______________(adjust)to the height of any child.
③We have made an ___________(adjust)to our price and give you a special discount of 3 per cent.
答案：(3)before I adjust (myself)to (4)①himself ②be adjusted ③adjustment
●3 participate vi.(to take part in something or share in something)参与;参加;分享
(1)participate in sth./doing sth. 参与(做)某事
(2)participant n. 参加者
(3)participation n. 参与
【语境助记】
Encouraged by the teacher,the participants actively participated in the English speech contest. Their participation inspired the rest of the class to study hard.在老师的鼓励下,参与者积极参加英语演讲比赛。他们的参与鼓励了班上其他人努力学习。
【活学活用】
(1)If volunteer positions do not meet these needs,people may not wish to participate.如果志愿者事情的岗位不能知足这些需求,人们或许就不愿参加了。
(2)Last spring,I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an exchange study programme.去年春天,我有幸当选中参加一个互换学习的项目。
(3)语法填空。
①How many countries will be participating_______________the next Olympic Games?
②The problems of global warming cannot be solved without the________(participate) of all countries.
③China is an active________ (participate)in the international system and is a builder, not a destroyer.
答案：(3)①in ②participation ③participant
●4 otherwise conj. 否则;不然 adv. 用别的方法;其他方面;除此之外
[温馨提示] otherwise表示相反的假设时,其分句谓语动词要用虚拟语气。
【活学活用】
(1)She is not very clever, but otherwise she's a nice girl.她并不很聪明,但在其他方面,她倒是个好姑娘。(作副词)
(2)You must pay your taxes on time; otherwise(=or/or else) you will be punished.你必须按时纳税,不然你会受惩罚的。(陈述语气)
(3)We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we _______________him.
我们不知道他的电话号码,否则我们就会给他打电话的。(虚拟语气)
(4)语法填空。
①We lost our way in that small village; otherwise we would _______________(visit) more places of interest yesterday.
②We_______________(delay)at the airport; otherwise we would have arrived home by lunch time.
(5)一句多译。
①If I_______________ that day, I _______________the sports meet.(participate)
②I_______________that day; otherwise I_______________the sports meet. (participate)
那天我病了,否则我会去参加运动会的。
答案：(3)would have telephoned (4)①have visited ②were delayed
(5)①hadn't been ill;would have participated in ②was ill;would have participated in
●5 donate vt.(to make a contribution to a fund or cause)捐赠
(1)donate sth. to sb.=donate sb. sth.向某人捐赠某物
(2)donation n. 捐款; 捐赠,赠予; 捐赠物
make/give/present a donation to给……捐赠
collect donations for… 为……募捐
【活学活用】
(1)Don't forget to bring your driver's licence or another form of identification when you donate.当你捐款时不要忘却带上驾驶证或者其他的有效证件。
(2)If most breadwinners donate a day's pay to Project Hope, then it will make a great difference.如果大多数挣钱养家的人把一天的所得捐给希望工程的话,那将意义重大。
(3)Mr Richey makes it a rule to donate a lot of money (=make a big donation) to charity once a year.里奇师长西席每年固定捐一大笔钱给慈善机构。
(4)The deed_______________twice to Project Hope inspires all the people in her neighbourhood.
她两次捐款给希望工程的业绩鼓舞了她小区里所有的人。
(5)语法填空。
①Yesterday, our school held a charity benefit, and many people brought donations_______________Green Project Hope.
②Instead of receiving birthday gifts, she asked for donations_______________the charity of her choice.
③_______________ (donate)are shipped to schools and organizations to help needy people.
④Without _______________(donate)blood most of illnesses would have probably been cureless.
答案：(4)that she has donated (5)①for ②to ③Donations ④donated
●6 purchase vt.(to buy something formally)买,购买 n.(the act or process of buying sth)购买;采购
(1)purchase sb. sth. (=purchase sth. for sb.)为某人购买某物
(2)make a purchase 采购
a good purchase/bargain 便宜货
for the purchase of… 为了购买……
【活学活用】
(1)The greatest gifts in life are not purchased, but acquired through hard work and determination.
生命中最宝贵的礼物不是费钱买来的,而是通过努力和决心获取的。
(2)Wisdom is a good purchase though we pay dear for it.为了求知识,代价虽高也值得。
(3)The new couple spent some money for the purchase of the furniture necessary for their new house.这对新婚夫妇花了一些钱购置新居子里必需的家具。
(4)I wonder where it was _______________such kind of clothes.我想知道你究竟是在哪里买到这种衣服的。
(5)语法填空。
①The husband purchased a new evening dress _______________his wife on her birthday.
②I bought a second-hand computer for only 20 dollars in a sale; it was really_______good purchase.
③The building_______________(purchase) and occupied by its new owners last year.
④The prices of goods, _______________(purchase)from the Internet, can be lower than those from commercial stores.
答案：(4)that you purchased (5)①for ②a ③was purchased ④purchased
●7 distribute vt.& vi.(to put parts of a set of things in different places; to give or send out)分配;散布
(1)distribute sth. to… 把某物分配、分发给……
distribute sth. among… 把某物分配、分发给……
(2)have a wide distribution 分布广泛
【活学活用】
(1)According to the rule, the prizes will be distributed among five winners.根据规则,奖品将分发给五位良好者。
(2)With food and quilts ______________the victims in the flood, the soldiers continued their rescue mission.这些士兵给大水受灾者分发完食品和被子,便连续他们的接济任务。
(3)语法填空。
①The printers will arrange to distribute the books_______________every important city in the country.
②When someone has died without leaving instructions, it is difficult to distribute his property fairly_______________his relatives.
③The Red Cross is now organizing the_______________(distribute) of food and clothing in the disaster area.
④Arthur found a part-time job_______________(distribute) leaflets on the street.
答案：(2)distributed to (3)①to ②among ③distribution ④distributing
●8 operate v. (to work; to be in action;to cut the body in order to remove a diseased part) 操作, 运转, 开动;起浸染;动手术
(1)operate on sb. 给某人做手术;对某人起浸染
(2)in operation 事情中;利用中;有效
perform an operation 做手术
put sth. into operation 履行;使运转
come into operation 开始事情;开始生效
[温馨提示] operate作"开刀,动手术"讲时,是不及物动词,后面如果跟宾语,运用介词on;表示"操作,使运行,经营,管理"时,是及物动词。
【活学活用】
(1)Now regular bus services operate between the two cities.现在两座城市间已有公共汽车定期运行了。
(2)The medicine will quickly operate on such patients.这种药很快就会在这种病人身上起浸染。
(3)I'm afraid that your leg will have to _______________; there's no other way to stop the pain.
恐怕你的腿得做手术,没有其他办法止痛。
(4)语法填空。
①This machine is very easy______________(operate). Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
②The boy was_______________(operate) on when his parents hurried to the hospital.
③The doctor recommended that the patient_______________(operate) on in a clinic right now.
答案：●8 (3)be operated on (4)①to operate ②being operated ③(should)be operated
短语储存
●1 (be) dying to do sth. 极想做某事
be dying for sth. 渴望/想要某物
long for sth. 渴望某物
long to do sth. 渴望做某事
be thirsty/hungry/eager/anxious for…渴望得到……
【活学活用】
(1)After losing his job, Jack was dying to get a new one.失落业往后,杰克渴望找到一份新事情。
(2)We've been walking for an hour. I'm dying for a cold drink.我们已经走了一个小时了。我非常想来一杯冷饮。
(3)The child wants to return to school because he is thirsty for (=______________) knowledge.
那个孩子想回到学校,由于他渴求知识。
(4)一句多译。
①The old man______________for the rest of his life after his retirement.(dying)
②The old man ______________for the rest of his life after his retirement.(long)
退休后,这位老人渴望回到家乡度过余生。
答案： (3)is dying for (4)①is dying to go back to his hometown ②is longing to go back to his hometown
●2 in need 在困难中;在危急中
in need of 须要……
satisfy/meet one's needs 知足某人的须要
needn't have done… 本来没必要做而做了……
There is no need for sb. to do…某人没必要做……
【活学活用】
(1)Love is to possess a power which helps those in need.爱是拥有一种能助人于危难的力量。
(2)As he was in need of money, he was forced to sacrifice the furniture.由于须要钱,他只好将家具亏本出售。
(3)Let those _____________understand that we will go all out to help them.让那些须要帮助的人们明白我们会全力以赴去帮助他们。
(4)语法填空。
①Thousands of people donated money and food to children______________need.
②Your project is intended to meet their______________(need), so you must consider their opinions.
③We needn't______________(pack) our thick clothes. The weather was really warm.
④There is no need______________(put)the meeting ahead because we still have three weeks before the end of the term.
答案：(3)who are in need (4)①in ②needs ③have packed ④to put
句型透视
●1 The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when,before I knew it,the mixture was bubbling over everywhere! 不久前的一天,我正在给男生们演示每周一次的化学实验,就在那时,我还没来得及察觉,稠浊剂便开始冒泡,溢得四处都是!
句型公式
before用法归纳
【句式点拨】
(1)表示"在……之前就……"。如:
Mary had finished her homework before her mother returned.玛丽在她妈妈回来之前就已经完成了作业。
(2)表示"还没来得及……就……, 不知不觉就……"。如:
Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.我还没来得及插话,他就已经给我量好了尺寸。
(3)表示"趁还没……赶紧做……"。如:
Before you forget it, write it down.趁你还没忘却,把它写下来。
(4)用于句型"It was+韶光段+before…",表示"过了多久才……"。如:
It was three days before he came back.三天后他才回来。
(5)用于句型"It was not long before…",意为"不久就……"。如:
It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意识到了处境的危险。
(6)用于句型"It will (not) be+韶光段+before…", 表示"要过多久才……,不久就……"。如:
It will be half a year before you graduate from this school.半年后你才能从这所学校毕业。
【活学活用】
(1)He was so absorbed in his work that four hours had passed before he knew it.他如此专注于事情,不知不觉四个小时就过去了。
(2)They worked day and night about three days _____________.他们夜以继日地事情了大约三天,统统才规复正常。
(3)语法填空。
①I think it won't be long _____________they understand each other.
②It is two years_____________I became a postgraduate student.
③It was at about midnight _____________we found the lost child, crying under a tree.
答案：(2)before everything returned to normal (3)①before ②since ③when/that
●2 We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below. 我们走了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山爬到山脊,从那里我们看到了俏丽的景致,然后沿着一条陡峭的山路一贯走到下面的山谷。
句型公式
from where…从那里……
【句式点拨】
句中from where勾引的定语从句润色a ridge,关系副词where前一样平常不加介词,但from where却是个例外。from where紧张有以下两种用法:
(1)相称于and from there(从那儿),用于勾引非限定性定语从句。如:
He hid himself in a tree, from where he could see the enemy in the distance.他躲在一棵树上,从那儿他可以看到远处的仇敌。
(2)相称于from the place where,可视为where前省略了the place,意思是"从……的地方,离……的地方"。如:
From where I stood I could see everything clearly.从我站着的地方,统统我都看得清清楚楚。
The school was only a few blocks from where she lived.学校离她住的地方只有几个街区的间隔。
【活学活用】
(1)Even when it's hard to move, take small steps forward. Because every step will lead you farther away from where you were yesterday.纵然前路困难,也要小步提高。由于每一步都能让你比昨天提高一点点。
(2)He hid himself under the bed, from where(=and from_____________) he could hear what they were talking about.他躲在床下,从那里他能听到他们的发言。
(3)语法填空。
①His head soon appeared out of the window, from _____________he saw nothing but trees.
②I have bought that house, and from ___________I can enjoy the beautiful scene of Yangpu Bridge.
③My cousin graduated from Beijing Normal University in 2008, since____________he has worked as a teacher in a middle school.
(4)一句多译。
①Alice stood at the window,and _____________her classmates playing football.
②Alice stood at the window,_____________ her classmates playing football.
艾丽斯站在窗户阁下,从那里她可以不雅观看同学们踢足球。
答案： (2)there (3)①where ②there ③when (4)①from there she could watch
②from where she could watch
